J Lab Clin Med. 2005 Aug;146(2):55-63.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae and central nervous system complications: a review.
Guleria R,
Nisar N,
Chawla TC,
Biswas NR.
Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Little is known about the extrapulmonary manifestations of this organism. Numerous central nervous system (CNS) manifestations have been described with M. pneumoniae. CNS involvement is probably the most common site of involvement in addition to the respiratory system.
Up to 7% of patients hospitalized with M. pneumoniae may have CNS symptoms. Common CNS presentations include encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, polyradiculitis, cerebellar ataxia, and myelitis. The mechanism behind these CNS manifestations remains unclear. Direct invasion, neurotoxin production, or an immune-mediated mechanism has been proposed. Newer diagnostic techniques for the direct detection of the antigen and the microorganism are proving useful for the detection of extrapulmonary disease. This review comprehensively reviews the CNS complications that have been reported with M. pneumoniae.
PMID: 16099235 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Conn Med. 2002 Jul;66(7):387-9.
Atypical mycobacterial osteomyelitis in a non-AIDS patient.
Niazi S,
Batra V,
Zangrilli JG.
Department of Medicine, Division on Critical Care, Pulmonary, Allergic, and Immunologic Diseases, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium intercellulare (MAI) infection is rare in non-AIDS patients. We report a 60-year-old woman with chronic lung disease who developed vertebral osteomyelitis due to MAI. She was treated successfully with combined therapy consisting of rifampin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin.